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Utah 69, Sacramento St. Atlanta at Philadelphia, p. Sacramento at Miami, p. Phoenix at Cleveland, p. Indiana at New York, p. Portland at Minnesota, 5 p. Washington at Milwaukee, p. Minnesota at Carolina, 4 p. Buffalo at Ottawa, p. Calgary at Detroit, p. EdmontonatChicago, p. Pittsburgh atAnaheim, 7 p. Louis at Toronto, 4 p. Dallas atTampa Bay,4 p. Islanders at Florida, 4 p. Buffalo at Washington, 4 p.
Colorado at Columbus, 4 p. Winnipeg at Nashville, 4 p. Montreal atArizona, 4 p. Pittsburgh at LosAngeles, 7 p. Vancouver at San Jose, 7 p. Edmonton at Carolina, 12 p. Philadelphia at New Jersey, 2 p. Colorado at Minnesota, 3 p. Calgary at Ottawa, 4 p. Rangers at Chicago, p. Derek Yohannan was The senior-laden Tigers won the league title tabbed as a first-team all-league performer, while outright after sharing the Kurt Boyd, Jake Powell and regular season title with Isaiah Cranford were all Ontario a year ago.
PPG One year ago to the day, the Tigers were P PG allowed 3 8. I continue to focus on that. We have to go thinkifwe playour game andl wejust take for every board. The passion I have for sports is what actually spurred me into journalism close to a decade ago. It was an opportunity for a new adventure. A new city. New friends. To be closer to my roots, as I am a graduate of Vale High School and much of my family resides there still today.
During the last four years, Eugene has become home. I moved back to the city in early following a turbulent six months atter I graduatedfrom college. I have family in the area. It will be the best policy for the state to prohibit these associations from occupying their real estate for offices, as such occupation would finally lead to the erection of costly buildings, and the next step would be to costly salaries, all of which extravagancies would be at the expense of the benefits intended to be given the citizens at large.
Such corporations may make by-laws not repugnant to the laws of the Commonwealth, and annex penalties for the breach thereof, not exceeding five dollars for each offence. Similar penalties are allowed to be annexed to violations of the by-laws of corporations formed under the general laws. Officers and Members cand their Rights, Duties arnd M eetings.
Any person residing in a town or city in which any such corporation Page 8 Shall be located, and being married or over twenty-one years of age, may become a member of said corporation upon making application to the officers of the same, and paying an admission fee of five dollars; but no person shall be at the same time a member of more than one such corporation. It is thought best to fix the amount of the admission fee-which is required as a guarantee of good faith and.
If experience shows that a less sum will effect the desired result, it may be reduced by future legislation. No shares shall be issued in any such corporation, but each member shall have an equal vote at its meetings. No member of such corporation shall directly or indirectly derive any pecuniary profit from the same, except the right to draw a house and lot as provided by this act; and in case he draws such right his membership shall be suspended, and he shall not act as such until he has paid for the house and lot in full, or has given up his privilege, and a full settlement has been made between him and the corporation.
No salary shall be paid to any officer, nor any bond or security required from him. No such corporation shall make any gift or loan, and no transfer or loan of any property belonging to it shall be allowed except a regular sale by authority of the corporation. Sections 25 and 26 render the giving of a bond or security unnecessary.
The design of these corporations is to give every homeless citizen an equal chance to get a home. That no person may, through wealth, influence or cunninge get an extra advantage beside, no member is allowed to have any profit, salary or possible gain, except this chance. Shares are issued in corporations to be traded upon, and piled up in the hands of a few who control all the votes; here each has an equal chance and vote, and no certificates are issued for the poor man to sell for a mess of pottage.
By this plan no man can work for his own selfish interest, and his only interest in the corporation will be to promote the general interest of the members. A good lawyer. By placing it beyond their power this is avoided. The business must be done economically, and members are not to be taxed for unneces-e sary expenses, such as finely carpeted offices, lithographed letter heads, and other vain luxuries, th cost of which ought to go towards housing the homeless.
Special meetings may be held upon other days, at the same hour and place as regular meetings, under such rules as the by-laws of the corporation may prescribe. Twelve members, one of whom must be an officer, shall be necessary to constitute a quorum at any meeting. But a less number may hold a regular meeting for the purpose only of receiving payments, and if both the treasurer and assistant treasurer be absent, they may elect a treasurer pro tempote, to whom the payments may be made.
Four members of the board of directors shall constitute a quorum of that board. If there is a regular meeting night for these corporations throughout the state everybody will understand and remember it; and a man cannot so well illegally join more than one corporation.
The advantage is similar to that of a uniform day for elections. Pavments must'be received at a regular meeting night, and it will sometimes occur that no quorum is piresent. No person shall be elected to eny office in such a corporation of which he is not a member; and any officer can be removed from office by'a fourfifths vote of the members present, provided not more than two officers are removed at any one meeting.
By tile last clause sudden evolutions in office are prevented. The terli of office ir such corporations shall expire at regular mleetinlls as follows: In January, the office of Seventh Director. In February, that of Assistant Clerk. In March, that of Sixth Director. In April, that of Clerk. In May, that of Fifth Director. Page 9 In June, that of Assistant Treasurer.
In July, that of Fourth Director. In August, that of Treasurer. In September, that of Third Director. In October, that of Vice President. In November, that of Second Director. In December, that of President and First Director.
This plan prevents a regular succession, by which incompetent men being regularly -promoted through a sort of good natured courtesy, can arrive at the higher offices. As but one office becomes vacant at a time. Notice particularly the regular order in which they become vacant.
Endeavors will be made to throw out this section to prevent the gradual change of officers, and have all offices become vacant at the same time, thus compelling an almost entire reelection of the former officers to prevent sudden change in so many departments at, one time; also enabling tricksters to combine, and by trading votes with each other vote themselves into office over and over again, until finally.
In case there should fail to be an election to any office in any such corporation upon its becoming vacant, the member who has' not held said office during any part of the preceding term, and who is not then holding office, and who has within a year held the highest office in the corporation which has been held by such a person, shall assume said vacant office and hold the same until an election is had, which shall be as soon as may be.
Officers shall rank in the order in which they are named in section five. No officer shall be elected to the same office two successive terms, and no member shall hold two offices at the same time except that the president shall also be first director.
This prevents a vacancy occurring in case there is no election. By the constant change here provided, no person is allowed to foist himself into an office perpetually, and feel that he runs it. No man ever was or ever will be essential to the success of the'work of any office, position or cause. The board of directors subject to this act and the by-laws of any such corporation shall receive, invest, manage and apply to the purposes of the corporation, all funds and estate of such corporation, and may sell and transfer any of said estate.
No person shall be so employedi till approved by said corporation, nor during any; part of two successive years, nor for any longer time than the pleasure of the corporation. An equitable proportion of. By employing persons not members of the association, changinfu hern every year, and putting the wages lon, the position is prevenlted froim being a prize fir the control of which members might contend.
These places" wil be a valuable assistance to promising young people not established in life, who can thus earn a tritle, which will be quite an item' to them under. Strong endeavors will be made to weed this clause out so as to run it into paying offices. Enemies will contend that those -who have occupied one year will be better qualified to act two; this would be so if any one person ever did lkow evei'ything tand was also the most honest, but that never has happened, and a man NEVER died but a better man could be found to fill his place.
Besides, leave a, man in office over a year and he beginsito think that office is for his benefit instead of for that of the people. This feeling increases so rapidly:the longer the position is held, that even the people begin to think it is so, and ldon't dare to question the' master. Thecommissioner of corporations shall prepare and cause to be manufactured, a sufficient number ot blank record and account books, and- such other blank forms as he may deem expedient, in uniform style, to be determined by him; and said books and forms shall be furnished at cost to any such corpora Page 10 tion which shall apply therefor.
All such corporations shall conform to the forms so prescribed. Uniformity in method will simplify the work, and the commissioner will have the benefit of suggestions arising from the experience or all in devisingo the one best method for all. See note on section 9. It shall be the duty of the officers.
This section is designed to prevent the possibility of loss of the accounts and most important records of a corporation, by fire or otherwise. Miethods of Doiar BtusiaeSs. At every regular meeting of any such corporation the records and all -books belonging to said corporation shall he open to the inspection of any editor of a newspaper or periodical published in the Coinmonwealth, and to the chairman of the selectmen of the town, or the mayor of the city in which:said corporation is located, or such person as he may designate; and any such editor or other person may copy such extracts as he may see fit fromn the rocords.
This work being of public interest, the newspapers will, by means of this section, be enabled to prevent any questionable transactions being secretly carried on, by exposing them, if commenced. Belonging to a city or town as much, if not more, than anything else they own, it should be under the direct supervision of their duly elected officers, and this section places it there.
Such corporations shall designate some bank or banks at which it shall deposit its moneys. No person or persons shall have authority to endorse or cash checks made payable to the order of any such corporation; except that the treasurer, or in his absence, the assistant treasurer may endorse such checks for deposit only in the aforesaid bank or banks, to the credit of said corporation's account.
Payments to any such corporation shall be valid only when made by check payable to the order of said corporation and duly honored, unless the amount of said -payment is actually deposited in said bank at some time to the credit of said corporation: provided, that an officer's return of satisfaction upon any execution issued in favor of any such corporation shall have the usual effect; but said officer shall be bound to pay the amount collected to the corporation by a check duly honored in the same manner as to anv other person.
All money or checks received by any such corporation shall at once be deposited in the bank or banks which said corporation has designated as provided for by this section. The trouble and risk of handling considerable sums of money, with the consequent risk of robbery and loss, is avoided by the provisions of this section. By means of this section no money belonging to such corporations is allowed to pass through the hands of any person on its way into the bank, unless the careless ones who are too lazy, and the mean ones who are too close to buy a bank check, choose to take the risk of any loss which may happen to the corporation by their negligence in paying cash, and give bonds for the treasurer which they virtually have to under this section for such neglect on their part.
NO money shall be paid by any corporation except upon bills audited and approved by the clerk, or in his absence by the assistant clerk, to whose satisfaction they shall be proved correct. The clerk shall at once report in writing to the president, or in his absence to th vice president, the amounts of all bills approved by him, with the name of the party to whomn each is due. All payments shall be by check on the bank in which the corporation deposits, signed by the treasurer, or in his absence by the assistant treasurer, and sealed with the seal of tbe corporationl.
All checks,shall be made payable to the payee or order, three days fro:n date, and shall never be antedated. All instruments under seal shall be executed by the treasurer in the name and behalf of the corporation. The treasurer shall give and receive receipts for everything received or parted with by the corporation however small may be its value.
The seal of the corporation shall always be in the custody of' the president, or, in his absence, of the vice president,-and shall be affixed to any paper only by said custodian after careful inquiry as to the propriety thereof. In Section 25, very careful provision is made to prevent any loss to the fund of the association on its way into the bank; and this section prevents any improper abstraction of money from the bank after it is there, and is far preferable to a careless handling of money, secured by the giving of a bond as security for it, as in most other corporations, which bond is seldom paid inl Page 11 case of loss.
This system renders a bond unnecessary, and officers in these corporations will nbt be electedt because of their wealth and ability to furnish a bond, but because of their good character; the security of three well known men of character is better than all the bonds inl the world.
Endeavors will also be imade to throw out these two sections by enemies. The consent of three men holding the three most responsible positions in the corporation is actually necessary before one cent can be drawn, and even tlien not until three days afterwards.
The seal being in possession of the president, no bond or deed can be executed by the treasurer without his knowledge and supervision. The giving and receiving of receipts prevents dispute in every case. All contracts lor labor shall be made by the jio, and shall contain a time stipulated for completion; times for paying instalments as the work proglesses, the amtounts being so fixed that a baiance sufficient to protect the corporation tIrout loss shall always be due until seven days after the work is finished; and a provision for a penalty in case of violation of the terms of the contract sufficient to protect the funds or the corporation from loss.
The terms of the contract shall oe fixed by the board of directors, and all agreements for stock, labor or land shall be in writing, signed by a majority of the board ot directors, and by the other parties to the contract. Such agreements shall contain a statement that to the best of the, knowledge and beliet of the contracting parties, no member or members of the corporation have any pecuniary interest inl said agreement except as members of the corporation.
Those who are experienced in building will see clearly, upon reflection. No business man would be likely to sign the statement provided for by the last paragraph with the, consequent liability for damages in the future, unless it were strictly true. As i; will be for the best interests of the people that the stock should be purchased, and the labor contracted for separately, tile limit of seven days will be sufficielt to protect most any such corporation Irom loss on account of labor.
Contractors of course will fight the bill for it is so arranged that they cannot make fortunes out of it. No purchase snail be madle by any such corporation upon credit. No title shall be given by any such corporation to any real estate sold by it until full pay:merlt has beenl received for the same. Compelling associations to buy for cash, enables them to buy stock at low prices, makes their trade desirable, and the enorm ous quantities they will buy throughout the state, will make such competion for their trade, that they will be able to obtain in the end the lowest prices, keeps themt constantly on a solid basis, and prevents speculation and failure from hard timnes.
Not all the corporations will have the requisite financial talent for doing a credit bu. Not over one-letlth of the cash in the treasury of any such corporation shall at one time be paid or agreed to be paid for real estate bought by said corporation, nor shall any real estate be purchased by any of said corporations so long as it owns any real estate not allotted to parties to be bought by them on instalments, but this shall not apply to payments by a corporation on account of houses and lots previously assigned and lorfeited for failure to meet payments.
Experience has taught that one-tenth the amount of money on hand is about the proportion that should be used in purchasing land for this purpose. If more is found to be needed, any future legislature can easily alter the amount. It is important that too much should not be tied up in dead land; those who have dealt in real estate will easily understand tile importance of this.
It is not intended to buy large tracts, ann establish colonies of those who are just struggling into homes, to be called some slurring local name by envious people who have more wealth, alnd are afraid the owners will eventually outstrip them in means and social stanlding, if allowed to purchase at any price, land monopolists finding the people were in the market for the land, would put it at such extortionate prices that most of the loan would be in land instead of in dwellings.
On the page of figures you can see how easily half the money could be invested in land, if lallnd monopolists force the people to do so. No land shall be boughtt by the- corporation: until the title has first been examlined and passed by a competent attorney, and a warranty deed shall be insisted upon by the corporation. The corporation shall sell land by quit-claim deed only. All ouildings when completed shall be kept fully insured until they pass out of the hands of the corporation.
A quit-claim deed gives all the corporation ever has, subject only to the limitations and restrictions distinctly expressed in the deeds; the buyer should not require the corporation to insure his title, besides taking'the great care to see that it is good, which is required in this section.. Methods of Disposing of Property. Whenever such a corporation is ready to erect a house, the right to occupy and buy said house, with the lot upon which it is to be situated, shall be drawn by lot at the next regular monthly meeting, all members present having an equal chance to draw the right.
The successful person shall receive the bond Page 12 provided by section thirty-four, as soon as the house is: retady for occupancy, and have all the rights guaranteed thereby. In such case the houses shall;be built as speedily' as possible when the season opens. If no member wishes the right due notice shall be given, and at the next meeting any person eligible to mnetnbership shall be allowed to idraw the right on the same terms as a member, and with the same rigihts if successful.
Any person drawing a right. If a person-does not feel ihterested enough in' getting a lionme, to appear at the meeting, he would be verv likely tofail to pay for one. By drawing' for lhomes throoghllout the winter hope is kept alive iln, all, and they should- not be drawn ahead as it consequenltly decreases hope.
No person would natulrally be so much interested in the erection of the building as the prospective owner, and beside tlie reg'ular supervision of the a. The ground tax will make it desirable for'ftnilis to content themsel.
SO long: as1 sciny person is ready to buy of any such':orporation a house and lot:costincg not over three hundred dollars, said corporation shall furnish no house and lot costing more than thata sum, uor so long as a person'is ready'to buy and pay for a house of the following dimensions and containn rg tour rooms; shall any such?
The chimney for the additional roomns shall run up through' the ridge and through the same roo:ns as the other chimrney. If wished the six and eight roomed houses may be obtained in the brick buildings. Any' person buying a,house and lot worth more than three hundred dollars. An inexpensive style of house is to be built so long as there' is a demand for it. A uniform style is required for these houses, as experience has shown it to be more generally satisfac tory, and the houses being built by wholesale will be built much cheaper.
In brick houses the cellar cannot be conveniently dug after the frame is built, and whenever it is possible it should be included in the original woik Of thle contractor. The small iour roomed homes can- easily be paid for by single women'and by thus making them independent we conferone of the greatest blessings On them and on the hunian race at large. Man ought to have reached that plane ot civilization- in which some thought can be spared from self to advance the interest of those whose main fault is loving them,.
If to surpass each other in character was made half as earnest an, aim as to outstrip in style, this ivorld would be a happy place to live in. The rich: laugh at and ridicule those who try to equal them, as all of, us would a monkey endeav oring to equal us in dress and style.
Future legislatures can alter if needed. All land when bought by any such corporation, must be divided at: once into suitable sized lots by the board of directors, who shall apportion the cost value among said lots, taking into account desirability' and relative situation. Such lots may afterwards be sold singly,, or two or more may be joinedin one.
A more correct and impartial appraisal call be made in the first place than after private interests,in the land, or parts of it, have been atlached. There is especial danger that the best locations will be valued too low c. Experience has taught that the easiest way to get at the proportionate value of the land, is to reckon the value of the smaller lots, in combination with the value' of the houses proposed to be erected thereon.
Whenever a person shall obtain the right to-occupy and buy- a house and lot to be provided by such a corporation, a'bond for a deed, signed and- sealed by the treasurer on' behalf of the corporation, shall be given to him, and if the cost' of said house and lot amounts to. Said bond shall contain thie provisions of this and the tollowing section in regard to payrent for the estate, the effect of failure to pay, and the giving of the deed therefor;' and shall also contain a stateiment that said bond is iven under the authority of this.
The first instalment shall be Lpaid at the next regular meeting after the house is ready for occupancy, the advance payment, if any is necessary, having been made as provided in section thirty-two, the amount of his admission fee being credited to the oblioee, if he was a member of the corporation when hlje obtained the right to buy said estate, when he has paid for the remainder of its cost, deducting the amount of said admission fee.
Theremainder of the amount specified in the bond shall be paid in forty-eight equal instalments, except as hereinafter provided,. Every:person obtaining the right to occupy and buy such a house and lot, shall after making. But all estates must be fully paid for within five years. Every person upon paying the:first instalment due upon the house and lot, shall have the right to occupy the same without payment of rent or interest so long as he shall continue to pay the instalments as above provided.
Any buyer may pay for his estate as much faster than is required by his bond as he may see fit; no expenditure shall be made upon the houses and lots, except as ordered by the corporation, until the buyer has received his deed. The treasurer, without special authori'ty, shall give a quit-claim deed as soon as any estate is seasonably paid for in full, and not before. Said deed shall be signed and' sealea by the treasurer ofn behalf of the corporation, and shall recite as its consideration tthe giving of the bond and the- payments made, stating the then exact'aggregate amount, with all' restrictions and conditions under which it has been sold.
By this section buyers are carefully protected from the disasters that hard times often bring on the careless and: improvident, as it allows twenty. By preventing the occupants from making any improvements before the property is paid for, we protect them from themselves by preventing their laying out their money on the property of. Experience has taught that most persons are so anxious to get full possession of the estates, in order to commence their improvements, that payments will be made a long time before they become due.
In case the buyer belonged to the association, the five dollars he paid as an admission fee is kept for him as a nest egg, by which to help meet his last payment; after struggling thus forso many years to pay for the place, this will be welcome help at the last moment, when his endurance is becoming exhausted.
As the bond has to be sealed by the president as per section 26, the association is guarded from loss. The occupant not being allowed to improve the property until it belongs to him is an extra security furnished to protect and is entirely different from arwhat lamnd LORDS-Wish done: they will allow the most extravagant improvements on their property if a tenant will pay for it.
Whenever any person, holding or being entitled tod a bond or deed, shall fail to keep the provisions of such bond, he shall immediately vacate the house and lot for which he holds said bond, and surrender the same to the corporation from which he obtained it; and should he fail to do so the board of directors may recover possession of said house and lot, in the manner provided by chapter one hundred and seventy-five of the Public Statutes, and it shall be their duty to at once recover possession of the same in that or some other suitable manner; upon recovering such house and lot, the corporation shall pay to the treasurer o' the commonwealth for the benefit of the person who held a bond therefor an equitable compensation for what said person has invested upon said house and lot, deducting therefrom any expense incurred in recovering possession.
In case of any dispute. The treasurer upon the paymnent of any sumI to him under the provisions of this section shall at once issue a certificate therefor in the same manner and with the same effect as those authorized in section thirty-nine of this act. No person shall be allowed to transfer or assigon any right under a bond, nor the ri:. Everything is against the interests of the associations, and in favor of' the interest of.
If any person is allowed to transfer a right there would be combination of those who did not want a house for themselves, to draw it for some friend. Any fa. But'the aim of the government being to furnish homes for every family in the state, provision is here made by which if through careless!
It also prevents the thriftless improvident class from using this as a means to accumulate from rent thus saved enough to go on a Isummer excursion at the expense of present benefits to their family, and future cost to the community. At an auction sale the association can make one bid which must be sufficient to repay the amount due the state fund; whatever the estate brings above that amount is deposited in the state treasury for the future benefit of Ihe family giving up the house.
Relations to State; Conditiorns of Sale. There shall be paid from the treasury of the Commonwealth to every such corporation one thousand dollars on the first Tuesday of every month succeeding that in which the certificate of incorporation provided by section six is issued to said corporation: pe'ovided, that the whole amount paid to corporations formed in any city or town shall not exceed five thousand dollars in a town containing not more than five thousand inhabitants: and in cities and towns containing more than five thousand inhabitants one thousand dollars for each thousand inhabitants, and an additional thousand dollars for the remainder, if any; nor exceed twenty thousand dollars to any one corporation;- and that no payment of money shall be made to-any corporation wvhie it has more than five hundred dollars cash in its treasury.
For the purpose of meeting any expenses that may be incurred under the provisions of this act, the treasurer is hereby authorized upon the order of the governor and council, to issue scrip or certificates of debt' to an amount not exceeding three million dollars, which shall be expressed in such currency and shall bear such rate of interest, not exceeding four per centurn per annum, as the governor and council may direct, and shall be redeemable in not less than twenty nor more than fifty years from the date thereof: and said treasurer.
The said fund, together with its accumulations of interest, shall be invested as is now or may be provided by law for the investment of such funds, and shall be p! It is best not to have too much ready money for these corporations to handle, until the corporators are somewhat used to the business; consequently it is to be given to them monthly in small instalments. By borrowing the money in a foreign country, we avoid taking it, or keeping it, from any industry in our own state; and as we bring in the capital flrom abroad, no property aliready in this state will be oli account of this act exempted from taxation, and so no additional burden of taxation is laid on any citizen, but the reverse will be: proved a fact; for, besides improving business, on account of the extensive building operations it will necessitate, it will increase the value of unimproved real estate, and so, enormously enlarge the taxable property, thus relieving those now burdened with taxation.
The state has loaned millions on millions of dollars to the rich corporators of many, railroads which they used to make money with for themselves, and it was known and fully understood that they would do so when the loans were made. The state spends permanently and will continue to do so, millions of dollars to educate our citizens,.
The premium received froml the sale of the bonds at 4 per cent. For every man, woman and child in every city or town in the state. Towns and cities niay, by vote, orant to such corporations the free use, for its meeting anti offices ot any room or roomns belonging to said t4owns or cities.
They shall be liable to pay to the Commonwealth, any amounts due to the, same from any such corporations located within their respective limits-; and may recover in an action of contract from any such corporation any amount so paid on its account. The corporations are completely under the direction and control of the citizens, even more so than the nlnicipal goverilments, and it will be good policy for the municipality to loan rooms for the use of these corporations. The-money paid by the state, is in effect, a loan of the state's credit to the cities or towns, andi is made in this manner to encourage thrift and frugality.
It is in reality an educational plan, like the schlool "system, designed to train married people in. If a city or town is indifferent they need not take the loan; but as it costs them nothing it would be mean in any city or town to oppose any other in obtaining that which i:s for the happiness of their citizens. All lands sold by any such corporation shall forever after be subject to a yearly payment of ten per centum of the assessed valuation of said land excluding buildings for the year, which sum shall be a lien on said' land, to be enforced by the party to whom such payment is to be made, in the same manner as liens for taxes on real estate may now be enforced by the city or town to which.
Ten per cent. The payments can be made in the latter part of the year easier than at any other time, and the money is placed in the state treasury as early as can be conveniently done. The amount can be easily paid, and it is a fair demand that the state may be gradually reimbursed by those whom its bounty has aided, and afterwards helped in giving aid to others who need it. The ground rent will surely repay the state for all expenses incurred in 40 years; one-tenth seems a small.
At any time after the first Monday in October, and before the' first Monday in November, any person over twenty-one years of age, and not under guardianship, may make affidavit and prove to the satisfaction of the president, treasurer and clerk, or a majority of them, of any such corporation that he has for at least nine months of the:year next preceding said first Monday in Ocl;ober, actually resided upon land originally sold by said corporation; a like affidavit and proof may be made by any such person in behalf of any person under twenty-one years of age, or under guardianship.
The treasulrer of the Commonwealth shall thereupon issue, through said corporation, to each person contained in said list, a certificate stating that such person is entitled to an amount which is to be determined by dividing the whole amount received in that year from: such corporations who have fully reimbursed the Commonwealth, by the total number of names contained in all lists transmitted by them as provided by this section, fractionls of cents being disregarded.
Said certificates shall be sealed with the seal of the corporation, through whom they are distributed, and shall not be translerable or negotiable, except as hereinafter provided, and shall be void in the hands of any other person than the hands of the ones to whom they were originally issued. Said certificates shall be received by any corporation formed under the provisions of this act, in lieu of cash, Irom any person who has received from said corporation the privilege of occupying ahd buying a house and lot therefrom, or the husband or wife of such person, as afinal payment on said house and lot when sufficient to pav all due upon it.
Said corporation shall thereupon be paid from the treasury of the Cotnmonwealth the amount of all such certificates as it shall present to the treasurer of the Commonwealth, upon proving that it has given to the person to whom they were issued, or the husband or wife of such person, a deed of a house and lot under the provisions of this act. In case of persons holding said certificates moving from the state, the treasurer of the Commoon wealth may cash the same on receiving proof that the holder has given to the person to whom they were issued, or the husband or wife of such person, a deed of a house and lot out of the state.
Said certificates shall be received or cashed in no other way than as herein provided. These provisons are designed to compel those who have been helped to homes by the corporations to contribute their mite, when enjoying the consequent increase in their prosperity, to extend the same blessing to other citizens, and by means of this section the money for the ground rent returns to the famlily who pays it; and in the case of children, their certificates are allowed to accumulate until married or of age, when they are assured of a home of their own with a little exertion.
If one of our citizens finds it for the advantage of him and his family to leave the state, our hunanity ought to be large enough to be willing he should be happy anywhere and also willing to do all that can rightlv and justly be done on our part to effect that end. Every bond and deed executed by such corporations shall contain the the following clause4 " Subject, however, to the copcldition that no intoxicating liquor shall ever be sold on said premises, but said condition not to be enforced, by any entry at a timne when the record title shows the fee to belong to a person- who has actually resided upon the premises since acquiring the title under which he holds said fee, and that his title was acquired subsequently to the time when the last sale of intoxicating liquor occurred upon the premises.
These houses are for simall homes, and it is not desirable that the occupants of them should be allowed to retail liquor out of jugs in a petty way, as would inevitably be done, if at all, from such small dwelling houses. Every reflecting man, however much he may be opposed to sumptuary laws, which restrict the liberty of the citizen and commercial freedom, must be opposed to such a traffic; while this does not in any way interfere with the dealer in liquors, who complies with the provisions of our license laws, and invests capital in establishing convenient shops for satisfying the demands of the people in a law-abiding way.
On the contrary, it protects them from the competition of a legion of petty tenement or dwelling house dealers who are responsible to no law; are the smugglers of the trade; and have done much to bring odium upon a business which should be conducted only under proper restrictions. It is customary for a certain class of so-called reformers to speak of those who believe in licensing the sale of intoxicating beverages and their use in moderation by those whose health requires them, and of men in business who are engaged in this branch of trade, by various disgusting names such as pirates, scoundrels, thieves, robbers, villains, and destroyers of homes.
Every householder having a family, shall be entitled to an estate. Page 18 NoTE. Many men and women of family, working for less than one dollar a day, by lack of work. Yet they go struggling manfully on, feeling under the circumstances every man is an enemy and every law against them. They have small chance of passing through insolvency, as those can who have enjoyed wealth or controlled extensive business; is it not well, is it not good policy for the state to encourage these men by trying to establish them in a home whichl no unmerciful Shylock can take from them after the state by its liberality through these corporations has given it to them?
The policy is already sanctioned iii our homestead laws, but a man cannot by them gain immunity for his home from debts already contracted. Yet it is conceded by all parties that some relief should be given the poor man burdened with hopeless debt. See Gov. Robinson's inaugural, in which he advocates measures designed to bring the insolvency laws more easily and cheaply within their reach.
This will only exempt. Besides it would be pdor encouragement for the benevolent men and women who are to do the work, to do so feeling it is only to put more money into some wealthy personl's coffers. All property, both real and personal, held by any such corporation, so long as it shall remain the property of said corporation and shall be used for the purposes and under the provisions of this act, shall be exempt from taxation.
As manv corporations as choose, composed of seven or more persons can form under the general laws and hold property to the amount of five hundred thousand dollars exempt from taxation. As the money which the corporations contemplated by this act are to use will be brought in from outside the state, the exemption will not increase the burden of taxation for other citizens, but will tend in the end to measurably relieve all from it.
The treasurer of every such corporation shall, on the second Monday of each month, send to the commissioner of corporations a correct balance sheet showing the financial condition of said corporation; together with a statement of- the amount paid for land, the number of houses built and the number paid for since the last statement, and also the number built and the number paid for together with the original and last assessed value of land purchased since said corporation was established, and the assessed value of the said land including buildings thereon: and said commissioner shall report annually to the legislature a summary of the condition of all such corporations, to be made up froin such reports.
It is best for the interests of the citizens for the state to keep a close eye on all these corporations. Besides it is important to watch their working and observe by. Any treasurer violating the provisions of the preceding section shall forfeit the sum of five dollars, for the use of the public schools of the city or town in which the corporation of which he is treasurer is located.
The penalty in this section is added to prevent any ignoramus or absent-minded blunderer from taking the office and doing the damage that would necessarily result, and the use of such money in the manner provided for will tend to paevent future repitition.
In case any such corporation shall be formed in the city of Lynn, the Lynn Workinugmen's Aid Association is hereby authorized upon a majority vote to transfer all its property to said corporation, and when such conveyance shall be made, chapter one hundred and ninety-five of the acts of eighteen hundred and eighty, incorporating Said association, is hereby repealed.
The Lynn Associ ation was the pioneer, and has proved the practicability and wonderful efficiency of this plan in helping those who are down; but as this work is now laid out on a svstem throughout the state it can be better prosecuted in Lynn under the general system than by an indedendeilt corporation with necessarily limited means.
The provisions of this chapter may be amended or repealed so as to affect existing corporations at the pleasure of the general court; the general court may by special act dissolve any corporation subject to said provisions; and no such corporations shall be dissolved in any other manner. In case any corporation shall be so dissolved, the treasurer of the Commonwealth shall take charge of all its property and preserve the same in a distinct fund.
Upon the formation of another such corporation in place of the one dissolved, in the city or town in which said corporation was located. By this, a perfect control of these corporations is retained by the legislature, in whost. Strong opposition to this measure is sure to come fromn those who are revelling in luxury from the proceeds of rents wrung from the necessitiesof citizens by renting houses to them; but they will not offer their real reason for opposition, -which will be the desire to make money by excessive charges for their tenements, but concoct some othler reason entirely foreign to the real one, and by their smooth, oily way of putting it w-ill bamboozle fools, alnd get them to side with such opposition; the opposition of the renters of property to this plan, will he avoided in the legislature, because the rules expresslyforbid any member,serving on a committee or voting on any question where his private right is immediately concerned, distinct from the public interest.
When the yea and nay vote is called, on this measure, it will plainly show how our legislators stand on the great question of administering the government so as to help the people and secure to them and their descendants the blessings our commonwealth was founded to secure. Page 19 Iethod of Incorporatiol Office terms and tenure. Land to be divided and 4p and General Powers. Election, failure of.
Payments, time for, omitted. Iorporators No. Assistance, employment of. Stationery furnished by Rights untransferable and 3. Payments in advance. First meeting, how called. Firistmectiulg,how called. Records, what and how kept; paymLents made.
First meeting, proceeding. Relation 6. Incorporation; certificate; lMethods of Doing Business. Corporations,distribution of. Records open to editors and Aid from the State, amount 8. Payments to associations, Guarantee by towns; rooms Property, power of holding. Property, not for offices. Payments by associations, Ground rent, perpetual, State to receive the same.
Contracts and Agreements.. Ground rent distributed to Officers and Members and Credit prohibited. Purchase of real estate, re- Proof of residence. Liquor selling condition.. Title, insurance. Homestead law, and sold 13'. MNemrbership, conditiois of. Members equal. No salary. Taxation, exemption. Assessment on members Methods of Disposing of Reports to State. Reports, penalty for not:t Meetings, tile of holding, making. Rights to buy, how allotted.
Lynn Association may sur-, Officers to be members. Re- Styles of houses to be built render charter. Dissolution by legislature. The state government is formed for the purpose of conferring "happiness and the;blessings of life on the people," and let us see it do its duty.
In our state contained 19 cities and towns. On account of the close packing of tenants by heartless land LORDS in the wards containing workingmen and women, there were four thousand two hundred:and fifty-eight more deaths among these people than would have happened had the same number been housed on the less closely packed land of towns in our state.
That is the number of honest. Each of those murders of working people, allowed by our government to be perpetrated by avaricious land LORDS, plundering and nmurdering for gold, causes pain and sorrow as intense as any we can feel, to equally loving hearts in the breast of these working mnen.
If increase of wealth is the highest aim of Statesmen, this should be carefully read. Columbus knew of a new world without seeing it, and offered its wealth to his native state, and they scornfully refused it. Another may offer wealth untold to his native state, and have it refused. It was not the fatlt of Columbus that he knew it; he did not have too much brain, -but those who refused it had too little. Now suppose two houses, each 27 , , Then dream of the future 5 , ,06 ,12 , , , results.
DEAR SIR:Some claim that it is not the place of our state government to loan nioney to its cities and towns to enable them through benevolent associations to build up their section of the state by furnishing homes and conferring "happiness and the blessings of life" on the citizens.
If we pay the least attention to our constitution it is not only the place, but the explicitly stated duty of our government to do everything that tends to that happiness. Now in regard to the state carrying on the building business-the state is not to do it-the benevolent associations do it; and the towns and cities guarantee the state from losses on their account; and the state only overlooks them through its commissioner of corporations, something like our school system only far less costly, as it does every other corporation, only more closely; and the state government reserves full and complete control over them in every respect, and can stop all or any one of them without a mloment's warning.
Now in regard to our state not having an inherent incontestible right to go into any business for the purpose of conferring "happiness and the blessings of life" on its citizens. The United States is in the expressing business to an enormous extent, expressing letters, papers, books and packages to all parts of the world, and a bill was reported in the last Congress to the Senate for her to go into telegraphing. The nation builds ships, and manufactures gnns, cannon, etc.
Our state owns and runs the Troy and Greenfield railroad, builds roads in Mashpee and elsewhere, builds a railroad and a Hoosac tunnel; makes and trades in building lots on the Back Bay, etc. The counties build highways, bridges, etc. But better yet, better than all else, the United States government, realizing what a great benefit it is to the nation for every family to own its home, confers "happiness and the blessings of life" on its citizens by giving them valuable farms; and still better, will give a farm even to the unfortunate foreigners who leave their homes and state so regretfully on account of the mismanagement of the governing powers.
Now what is the result so far as our state is concerned? The Western States by the homestead laws of giving a farm to every family, are attracting many of our most ailbitious, most intelligent and best citizens to them, and the western states are being rapidly built up at the expense of Massachusetts. All know what a wonderful growth the West can show, and it is almost entirely on account of families being able there to get homes of their own; cut off the homestead laws and see how quickly that western growth would stop.
Now the design of this bill for homes is, to extend the benefits of the homestead laws to our citizens, and thus confer "happiness and the blessings oflife" on them right here at home, instead of compelling families to move thousands of miles out west to get it; and thus build up our own Commonwealth instead of another, without the ultimate cost of one cent to the State, but by ONLY a temporary loan of three million dollars.
The Massachusetts Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that only one family in a hundred of our wage or salary class owns its homes, and even forty-four per cent. Can any statesman read these frightful figures and not dread the future of our commonwealth? Any reader of history knows what disaster is eventually in store for us, if we cannot get wisdom enough in the state house to change these figures for the better.
Bold, heartless men in all times, to gain some selfish ends often cry out this or that can't be done, this or that is unconstitutional. If anything that is to benefit our citizens is unconstitutional, we can very easily make it constitutional, for our constitution says so in the most positive terms. By the Statutes of , chapter , the legislature undertook to authorize the city of Boston to raise money and loan it upon mortgage at current interest to the owners of land in Boston, the buildings uplon which had been destroyed in the great fire, to rebuild upon the said land.
Upon complaint of certain tax-payers of Boston this was declared unconstitutional, not being a tax for a public use. Report, It might be, it was said, that the results would be more beneficial than somegrants for public uses; but it is the character of the object, whether it is a public use or not, that determines. A public use was declared to be one whose direct object is to benefit inhabitants of the stlate'"as-a community and not as individuals.
This act, it was said, was to raise a fund to be distributed "by separate loans to numerous individuals, each one independent of anlly relation to the others, or to any general purpose, except that of aiding individual enterprise in matters of private business.
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A must go to in Hood River! Nicolle Saucedo This place is not worth the wait, service, or food. I expected a wait on a Saturday morning, that is not what the low rating is for. I ordered the cinnamon french toast with a side of hash browns, and my fiance ordered the monterrey omelet with hash browns. His order mistakenly came with fruit instead of hash browns but we were never able to tell our server because she didn't come back after dropping off the food.
The hash browns were burnt anyway and I like them crispy but they were way past that. Our server told us she would bring syrup for the french toast after she dropped off the food but as previously stated, she never came back. We had to wave down someone else but even that took so long that my french toast was barely warm by the time I got syrup to eat it with. It took us a while to get our bill and I timed 16min before we were actually able to pay for our food. We did not even get the chance to tell our server the issues so they could be corrected.
She never asked us how everything was or if we needed anything since she only came by to deliver our food and to give us our check. Bad service and mediocre food. Not sure how this place has such good reviews when it's not what we experienced. Would not recommend. Perfect corned beef hash, lemon French Toast!
Shut the front door. So good. Banana nut muffins to die for. Do yourself a favor and eat here Katrina Wismer Holy smokes! Bette's food was incredible. Very friendly staff, food was plentiful and very good. We got our food quickly and it was hot and have I mentioned that it tasted great? Would definately pay them another visit.
Highly recommend to anyone wanting a nice quiet place for lunch.. Had the surprise of a foodies life-time recently with the best lunch experience you could ever hope for at the traditional dinner located in the heart of Old Town Hood River. The sitting areas are located in numerous areas.
Private booths to diner table settings. Everything was prepared fresh and tasted outstanding. Of special note was the customer service. Topped it off with unforgettable homemade deserts. The facilities were very clean and well maintained. We will be back Come early!
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